CREATE PROCEDURE Statement

The CREATE PROCEDURE statement creates or replaces a standalone procedure or a call specification.

A standalone procedure is a procedure (a subprogram that performs a specific action) that is stored in the database.

Note:

A standalone procedure that you create with the CREATE PROCEDURE statement differs from a procedure that you declare and define in a PL/SQL block or package. For information about the latter, see "Procedure Declaration and Definition".

A call specification declares a Java method or a third-generation language (3GL) subprogram so that it can be called from PL/SQL. You can also use the SQL CALL statement to invoke such a method or subprogram. The call specification tells the database which Java method, or which named procedure in which shared library, to invoke when an invocation is made. It also tells the database what type conversions to make for the arguments and return value.

Topics

Prerequisites

To create or replace a standalone procedure in your schema, you must have the CREATE PROCEDURE system privilege. To create or replace a standalone procedure in another user's schema, you must have the CREATE ANY PROCEDURE system privilege.

To invoke a call specification, you may need additional privileges, for example, the EXECUTE object privilege on the C library for a C call specification.

To embed a CREATE PROCEDURE statement inside an Oracle precompiler program, you must terminate the statement with the keyword END-EXEC followed by the embedded SQL statement terminator for the specific language.

See Also:

For more information about such prerequisites:

Syntax

create_procedure ::=

Description of create_procedure.gif follows
Description of the illustration create_procedure.gif

See:

invoker_rights_clause ::=

Description of invoker_rights_clause.gif follows
Description of the illustration invoker_rights_clause.gif

Semantics

OR REPLACE

Re-creates the procedure if it exists, and recompiles it.

Users who were granted privileges on the procedure before it was redefined can still access the procedure without being regranted the privileges.

If any function-based indexes depend on the procedure, then the database marks the indexes DISABLED.

schema

Name of the schema containing the procedure. Default: your schema.

procedure_name

Name of the procedure to be created.

Note:

If you plan to invoke a stored subprogram using a stub generated by SQL*Module, then the stored subprogram name must also be a legal identifier in the invoking host 3GL language, such as Ada or C.

invoker_rights_clause

Specifies the AUTHID property of the procedure. For information about the AUTHID property, see "Invoker's Rights and Definer's Rights (AUTHID Property)".

body

The required executable part of the procedure and, optionally, the exception-handling part of the procedure.

declare_section

The optional declarative part of the procedure. Declarations are local to the procedure, can be referenced in body, and cease to exist when the procedure completes execution.

call_spec, EXTERNAL

See "call_spec" and "EXTERNAL".

Examples

Creating a Procedure: Example This statement creates the procedure remove_emp in the schema hr.

CREATE PROCEDURE remove_emp (employee_id NUMBER) AS
   tot_emps NUMBER;
   BEGIN
      DELETE FROM employees
      WHERE employees.employee_id = remove_emp.employee_id;
   tot_emps := tot_emps - 1;
   END;
/

The remove_emp procedure removes a specified employee. When you invoke the procedure, you must specify the employee_id of the employee to be removed.

The procedure uses a DELETE statement to remove from the employees table the row of employee_id.

See Also:

"Creating a Package Body: Example" to see how to incorporate this procedure into a package

In this example, external procedure c_find_root expects a pointer as a parameter. Procedure find_root passes the parameter by reference using the BY REFERENCE phrase.

CREATE PROCEDURE find_root
   ( x IN REAL ) 
   IS LANGUAGE C
      NAME c_find_root
      LIBRARY c_utils
      PARAMETERS ( x BY REFERENCE );

Related Topics

In this chapter:

In other chapters:

See Also: